Virology, Emerging Diseases & vaccines

Viral Vaccines

Vaccines have been among the most effective health approach for protecting the individual against viral disease, with two of worlds successful vaccine being against small pox and poliovirus. Viral vaccines is a combination of inactivated viruses and activated viruses. Inactivated or killed viral vaccines contain viruses, they do not have ability to replicate and to bring about a response it contains an antigen. Activated or live vaccines contain the live form of the virus. Currently, Virus like particles organizes a new vaccine concept. Such particles consist of self-assembled structural proteins from the virus which can elicit an immune response but as they lack the genetic material from the virus are safer vaccines, research going on the rational development of a triple-layered virus like particle vaccine against rotavirus using the baculovirus insect cell system as production platform.viral proteins to stimulate an immune response. The rapid development of mRNA vaccines, like those for SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), has marked a breakthrough in vaccine technology, offering faster production and greater flexibility in responding to emerging viral threats. Despite the success of viral vaccines, challenges remain. Some viruses, such as the influenza virus, mutate rapidly, requiring annual updates to vaccines to match circulating strains. Other viruses, like HIV, have been more difficult to target with vaccines due to their ability to rapidly change and evade the immune system. However, advances in vaccine technology, such as mRNA and vector-based vaccines, offer promising new approaches for tackling even the most elusive viruses.