LetÃcia Oliveira Dias
Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Brazil
Title: Applying Syndromic Surveillance in Brazil: Epidemiological analysis of negative cases of arboviroses in the State of Rio de Janeiro
Biography
Biography: LetÃcia Oliveira Dias
Abstract
Acute febrile illness constitutes a group of common diseases in tropical countries and in Brazil the arboviroses are among the main causes of these diseases. With the objective of investigating the epidemiological characteristics of suspected cases of arboviroses in the state of Rio de Janeiro, we analyzed a dataset of patients suspected of arbovirus who had blood sample collected for etiological diagnosis between 2017 and 2018. This is a cross-sectional and retrospective study that uses the database provided by the Brazilian Laboratory Manager System. The blood samples were tested for Chikungunya, Dengue and Zika virus. Our results show that in 2017 11,159 tests were performed - 21.5% positive for arboviruses and in 2018 24,913 tests - 40.3% positive. Confirmed and negative cases had the period of higher incidence between March and May. The positive and negative cases had the predominance of women (60%) in relation to men (40%,). In relation to age, the higher incidence of confirmed cases to arboviroses were 20-59 years in 2017 and 30-69 years in 2018; the negative cases had a higher incidence among 20-59 years in 2017 and 2018. The pediatric age group had the higher proportion of negative cases. The three most prevalent signs and symptoms are the same in confirmed and negative cases: fever, arthralgia and myalgia. The arboviroses and their differential diagnoses have similar epidemiology and difficult etiological differentiation and as consequence many cases are concluded without etiological definition with injury to the health surveillance in these regions.