Virology

Biography

Biography: Ting-Chao Chou

Abstract

The therapy of AIDS and cancer rarely used single drugs, but rather have used two or more drug combinations. Drug combination may provide benefits of synergistic therapeutic effect, as well as reduced toxicity, minimized or delayed development of drug resistance, or allowed attacking multiple receptor or etiological targets. The important basic requirments for these aims are: i) Definition of synergism and its quantitative determination using the combination Index (CI<1); ii) Simple and efficient experiment design using small number of data points and small number patients in phase-I clinical trial design using the mass-action law based "minimum of two-data point theory" for dose and effect dynamics ; iii) The theoretical basis for the Combination Index for 3 or more drugs combinations using the "Polygonogram". The original CI equation, theory, algorithm, and computerized simulation of synergism and antagonisn were presented in Chou TC & Talalay. Adv. Enz. Regul 22:27-55, 1984, cited 4,357 times in 850 different journals); in Chou TC. Pharmacol Rev 58:621-681, 2006 (cited 1,298 times in 342 journals); and in Chou TC. Integrative Biol. 3:548-559, 2011 (featured on the front-cover of the May issue, published by RSC Cambridge, UK). Questions to be asked are: How to assess combo synergy quantitatively for 2 or more drugs?; Are the Combos on the market the best in synergy?; Do peer reviewers, journal editors and governmental regulatory agencies really understand "What is synergy?. These issues will be discussed and the answers will be provided.